Nokia’s U.S. Market Share Still Shrinking

Nokia, which competes with Apple, Research in Motion and Motorola in the mobile phone market, has lost share in developed markets like the U.S. and Europe over the past few years.

We believe the market share loss was caused by insufficient focus on customer needs, delays in introducing new operating systems, and incompatibility with networks of telecom operators. We expect Nokia’s share in developed markets to fall further over the coming years.

Despite weakness in the company’s developed market growth prospects, we maintain a price estimate of $12.44 for Nokia, roughly 22% ahead of market price. Nokia generates an estimated 53% of its value from emerging markets (vs. 17% from developed markets), limiting the impact of downside to its developed market operations. [Read more...]

Uncovering The Neurobiological Basis Of General Anesthesia

The use of general anesthesia is a routine part of surgical operations at hospitals and medical facilities around the world, but the precise biological mechanisms that underlie anesthetic drugs’ effects on the brain and the body are only beginning to be understood. A review article in the December 30 New England Journal of Medicine brings together for the first time information from a range of disciplines, including neuroscience and sleep medicine, to lay the groundwork for more comprehensive investigations of processes underlying general anesthesia.

“A key point of this article is to lay out a conceptual framework for understanding general anesthesia by discussing its relation to sleep and coma, something that has not been done in this way before,” says Emery Brown, MD, PhD, of the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, lead author of the NEJM paper. “We started by stating the specific physiological states that comprise general anesthesia – unconsciousness, amnesia, lack of pain perception and lack of movement while stable cardiovascular, respiratory and thermoregulatory systems are maintained – another thing that has never been agreed upon in the literature; and then we looked at how it is similar to and different from the states that are most similar – sleep and coma.” [Read more...]

Why Chocoholics Should Hug the Nearest Geneticist

The cacao tree, which grows the fruit that turns into chocolate, is one of the oldest cultivated trees on the planet. Over 3,000 years ago, the Mayans domesticated what is thought to be the highest quality variety, Theobroma cacao. Now an international team of researchers has sequenced the tree’s genome, unlocking its vulnerabilities and possibly paving the way to a future of higher yields of the best quality chocolate.

“Fine cocoa production is estimated to be less than 5 percent of the world cocoa production because of low productivity and disease susceptibility,” said Mark Guiltinan, a researcher on the genome project and a professor of plant molecular biology at Penn State. (More Time.com: See the top 10 food trends of 2010)

The group has found hundreds of genes that could be useful to cultivators: genes that help resist disease and pests; genes that increase production of cocoa butter, which leads to higher quality chocolate; and genes that could alter the amount of antioxidants, flavonoids terpenoids, and other compounds that help make some chocolates more healthful than others. [Read more...]

How Science Could Make Your Treats Even Tastier

Is you’re still feeling full after an overindulgent Christmas, here’s something that might bring your appetite back.

Scientists have unlocked the genetic code to some of our favourite treats in a breakthrough that could result in even tastier versions.

It brings them a step closer to creating a new generation of delicious ‘super strawberries’ and creamy, rich chocolate after working out the chemicals responsible for their flavour, aroma and nutritional value.

In one study, researchers decoded the complete genetic make-up of the wild strawberry in an effort to create more flavoursome fruit that is better equipped to withstand disease and the UK’s soggy summers. In a second, they unravelled the DNA code of the cacao tree responsible for producing the world’s best quality chocolat [Read more...]

Chickens, The Productive Pet, Win A Role In The New Good Life

Why did the chicken cross the road? To reach the back garden, where it is fast establishing itself as one of the country’s favourite pets.

Chickens are the fastest growing pet market in the UK, with retailers reporting 50 per cent increases in sales of coops over the past year.

A steady rise in the number of owners has been recorded by the Hen Keepers’ Association over the past year – the total is now estimated to be more than half a million people.

Such is the interest in keeping chickens that a new monthly magazine, Your Chicken, is being launched by the media group Archant.

“Hens are hot,” says Anna Atkinson, the magazine’s publisher. [Read more...]

Gateway To Your Dreams

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The Perfect Pair

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